Buckingham County was officially established in 1761, carved from Albemarle County and named for the Duke of Buckingham. It developed early as a rural, agriculture-based community, primarily growing tobacco on large plantations south of the James River. Over time, its economy diversified to include timber, livestock, and grains – anchoring a way of life that prioritized self-reliance and connection to the land.
Throughout the 19th and early 20th centuries, small farms, mills, and rail-linked towns like Dillwyn supported local industry. The county seat of Buckingham took shape around its courthouse, serving as the center of civic life. With only about 17,000 residents spread across 584 square miles, Buckingham today remains a peaceful, rural retreat that has held onto its roots. The countryside of forests, hills, and farmland continues to attract buyers looking for space, history, and a slower pace of life.
If you love the outdoors, Buckingham County is a paradise of natural beauty and recreation. The county is home to the vast Appomattox-Buckingham State Forest, nearly 20,000 acres of protected woodlands crisscrossed with trails for hiking, horseback riding, and biking. Tucked within this state forest is Holliday Lake State Park, a local favorite for camping, swimming, and picnicking on warm summer days. At Buckingham’s western edge, you’ll find James River State Park – 1,500 gorgeous acres along the historic James River. Here you can launch a canoe or kayak, cast a fishing line, or simply enjoy a riverside picnic with Blue Ridge Mountain vistas in the distance.
History and culture abound as well, offering plenty to do for those days you’re not on the trail. Historic Village at Lee Wayside is a charming collection of log cabins and restored buildings where living-history events and festivals bring Buckingham’s pioneer era to life. The county’s heritage is also on display at sites like the Buckingham County Courthouse Historic District and small museums run by the Historic Buckingham society. For a truly unique experience, visit the Satchidananda Ashram – Yogaville community in the county’s south. This 1,000-acre yoga and spiritual retreat features the breathtaking LOTUS shrine – a lotus-shaped temple that honors all faiths under one roof.
Lifestyle attractions in Buckingham often center on its simple pleasures and local flavor. Scenic drives are themselves a pastime – cruising down Route 60 or Route 56 offers panoramic views of undulating green hills, forests, and farmland. Wine lovers can spend a relaxing afternoon at one of the local wineries: try a fruit wine tasting at Muddy Paws Winery or visit Eagle Zen Winery near Dillwyn. Throughout the year, Buckingham’s community calendar fills with down-home events that make newcomers feel like family – from classic county fairs to holiday parades and tree-lightings.
Buckingham County blends rural life with growing modern convenience. Electricity is available through Dominion Energy or local cooperatives. While many areas rely on well and septic systems, the county offers public utilities in select locations. Trash and recycling are managed through county collection centers. High-speed internet is expanding rapidly, thanks to Firefly Fiber, aiming for full countywide coverage by 2025.
Families are served by Buckingham County Public Schools, which include elementary, primary, middle, and high schools. Basic shopping, pharmacies, and postal services are available in Dillwyn and Buckingham, while larger trips for healthcare or retail are typically made to nearby Farmville, Charlottesville, or Lynchburg.
